Sains Malaysiana 53(1)(2024): 23-37

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5301-03

Tripartite Introductions of PGPR, Humic Acid, and N-Fertilizer Improve the Growth and Yield of Sweet Potato under Glasshouse Conditions

(Pengenalan Tripihak PGPR, Asid Humik dan Baja N Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Ubi Keledek di bawah Keadaan Rumah Kaca)

BURAQ MUSA SADEQ¹, ALI TAN KEE ZUAN^1,*, SUSILAWATI KASIM¹, JAWADYN TALIB ALKOORANEE², WONG MUI YUN³, NUR MAIZATUL IDAYU OTHMAN⁴, AMAILY AKTER¹, SAYMA SERINE CHOMPA¹, ABBA NABAYI⁵ & MD EKHLASUR RAHMAN^1,6

¹Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

²Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Wasit, Wasit, Iraq

³Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

⁴Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Melaka, Kampus Jasin 77300 Merlimau, Melaka, Malaysia

⁵Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Dutse, Nigeria. PMB 7156, Ibrahim Aliyu bye-pass Jigawa state, 720101, Nigeria

⁶Divisional Laboratory, Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sharak, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

Diserahkan: 17 April 2023/Diterima: 4 Disember 2023

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with humic acid (HA) as amendments on the morphological and physiological growth characteristics and yield of Sepang Oren sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas[L.] Lam). The experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, for 110 days. Two factors were used in this experiment: The first factor was PGPR-HA inoculations (UPMB10, UPMRB9, and mixed strains) and non-inoculation-HA, and the second factor was the Nitrogen fertilizer levels (50, 75, and 100%). The treatments were replicated three times and arranged factorially in a randomized complete block design. The results showed that inoculations with PGPRs-HA (UPMRB9 and UPMB10 strains) positively affect the plant growth significantly (SPAD measurements, number of leaves, vine length, root length, leaf area index, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and root: shoot ratio) of sweet potato upon addition of 50% and 75% of N-fertilizer, respectively. The nutrient content of soil and plant leaf significantly increased by 12-15% and 14-18%, respectively, compared to the uninoculated, when applied with the same inoculation. After 30 days, the population of soil bacteria increased, reaching a value of 8.65 log₁₀ CFU/g soil. The use of PGPR-HA inoculations with N-fertilization resulted in a considerable rise in the majority of plant and soil parameters compared to the treatments without PGPR inoculation. Therefore, PGPR supplemented with humic acid (HA) may be considered a viable and sustainable strategy for enhancing sweet potatoes' morphological and physiological attributes. This technique can result in increased crop productivity and serve as a substitute for nitrogen-based fertilizers.

Keywords: Bacterial population; humic acid (HA); PGPR; soil nutrients; sweet potato yield

Abstrak

Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan rizobakteria penggalak pertumbuhan tumbuhan (PGPR) dengan asid humik (HA) sebagai pindaan terhadap ciri pertumbuhan morfologi dan fisiologi serta hasil ubi keledek Sepang Oren (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam). Uji kaji dijalankan di bawah keadaan rumah kaca di Fakulti Pertanian, Universiti Putra Malaysia, selama 110 hari. Dua faktor telah digunakan dalam uji kaji ini: Faktor pertama ialah inokulasi PGPR-HA (UPMB10, UPMRB9 dan strain campuran) dan bukan inokulasi-HA serta faktor kedua ialah kepekatan baja Nitrogen (50, 75 dan 100%). Setiap rawatan mengandungi tiga replikasi dan disusun secara faktorial dalam reka bentuk blok lengkap rawak. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa inokulasi dengan PGPRs-HA (strain UPMRB9 dan UPMB10) memberi kesan positif kepada pertumbuhan tumbuhan dengan ketara (ukuran SPAD, bilangan daun, panjang pokok, panjang akar, indeks luas daun, berat kering akar, berat kering pucuk dan nisbah akar: pucuk) ubi keledek selepas penambahan 50% dan 75% baja N. Kandungan nutrien tanah dan daun tumbuhan masing-masing meningkat dengan ketara sebanyak 12-15% dan 14-18% berbanding dengan tumbuhan yang tidak diinokulasi. Selepas 30 hari, populasi bakteria tanah meningkat, mencapai nilai 8.65 log₁₀ CFU/g tanah. Penggunaan inokulasi PGPR-HA dengan pembajaan N menghasilkan peningkatan yang ketara dalam majoriti parameter tumbuhan dan tanah berbanding dengan rawatan tanpa inokulasi PGPR. Oleh itu, PGPR Bersama-sama asid humik (HA) boleh dianggap sebagai strategi yang mampan untuk meningkatkan sifat morfologi dan fisiologi ubi keledek. Teknik ini boleh menghasilkan peningkatan produktiviti tanaman dan berfungsi sebagai pengganti baja berasaskan nitrogen.

Kata kunci: Asid humik (HA); hasil ubi keledek; nutrien tanah; PGPR; populasi bakteria

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: tkz@upm.edu.my